Exercise

1.  IT  Information technology

   Information technology (IT) is the acquisition, processing, storage and dissemination of vocal, pictorial, textual and numerical information by a microelectronics-based combination of computing and telecommunications. The term in its modern sense first appeared in a 1958 article published in the Harvard Business Review, in which authors Leavitt and Whisler commented that "the new technology does not yet have a single established name. We shall call it information technology (IT)
        
 2. ICT Information and communications technology

          Information and communications technology or information and communication technology, usually called ICT, is often used as an extended synonym for information technology (IT), but is usually a more general term that stresses the role of unified communications and the integration of telecommunications (telephone lines and wireless signals), intelligent building management systems and audio-visual systems in modern information technology. "ICT" is used as a general term for all kinds of technologies which enable users to create, access and manipulate information. ICT is a combination of information technology and communications technology.In an increasingly interconnected world, the interactions among devices, systems, and people are growing rapidly. Businesses need to meet the demands of their employees and customers to allow for greater access to systems and information. 
  
3. CAI Computer Assisted Instruction         
     
         Computers are a familiar sight in classrooms in the twenty-first century, and technology has been used to streamline many educational tasks. There are different types of educational computer use, and not every use of a computer in the classroom is considered computer-assisted instruction. The educational uses of computers that are considered to be computer-assisted instruction (CAI) or computer-based instruction (CBI) are those cases in which either instruction is presented through a computer program to a passive student, or the computer is the platform for an interactive and personalized learning environment.

4. CALL. Computer-assisted language learning

     Computer-assisted language learning (CALL) is succinctly defined in a seminal work by Levy (1997: p. 1) as "the search for and study of applications of the computer in language teaching and learning" CALL embraces a wide range of ICT applications and approaches to teaching and learning foreign languages, from the "traditional" drill-and-practice programs that characterised CALL in the 1960s and 1970s to more recent manifestations of CALL, e.g. as used in a virtual learning environment and Web-based distance learning. It also extends to the use of corpora and concordancers, interactive whiteboards, Computer-mediated communication (CMC), language learning in virtual worlds and Mobile-assisted language learning (MALL)
5. WBI  Web-based instruction

     The Web-based instruction is the process of interface between the current technologies and theinstructional design process to increase the efficiency of learning and overcome problems associated withotherwise having to give instruction at specific time andplace.                                                                                                                                                                                                                            

6. CBI   certified business intermediary

       A certified business intermediary (CBI) is a trained and experienced business broker who has the skills involved to carry out business valuations, confidential marketing, negotiations, and the many complex details in the sale or purchase of a private company. The CBI designation is a credential, the professional commercial broker earns, which is part of the International Business Brokers areAssociation and have met the requirements of professional practice and academic and ethical standards of IBBA.

7. CMC  Computer-Mediated Communication

    Computer-Mediated Communication (CMC) is the process by which people create, exchange, and perceive information using networked telecommunications systems (or non-networked computers) that facilitate encoding, transmitting, and decoding messages. Studies of CMC can view this process from a variety of interdisciplinary theoretical perspectives by focusing on some combination of people, technology, processes, or effects. Some of these perspectives include the social, cognitive/psychological, linguistic, cultural, technical, or political aspects; and/or draw on fields such as human communication, rhetoric and composition, media studies, human-computer interaction, journalism, telecommunications, computer science, technical communication, or information studies.                                                                            

8. TELL  Technology-Enhanced Language
     Learning (TELL) in an increasingly globalised world. It is not a technical paper in the sense that it will deal with methodological or software issues.

9.  MUD  Multi-User Dungeon

      A MUD (originally Multi-User Dungeon, with later variants Multi-User Dimension and Multi-User Domain) pronounced  is a multiplayer real-time virtual world, with the term usually referring to text-based instances of these.                                     

10. MOO 

      MOO (MUD Object Oriented) è un sofisticato programma informatico che permette a più utenti di collegarsi da remoto, normalmente via Internet, ad un ambiente condiviso che contiene stanze ed oggetti, all'interno di esso è quindi possibile interagire, sia con l'ambiente che con gli altri utenti, in tempo reale.    

Direction : Describs the following terms.

Synchronous Tools

      

        Synchronous tools enable real-time communication and collaboration in a "same time-different place" mode. These tools allow people to connect at a single point in time, at the same time. Synchronous tools possess the advantage of being able to engage people instantly and at the same point in time. The primary drawback of synchronous tools is that, by definition, they require same-time participation -different time zones and conflicting schedules can create communication challenges. In addition, they tend to be costly and may require significant bandwidth to be efficient.

Asynchronous Tools

   
Asynchronous tools enable communication and collaboration over a period of time through a "different time-different place" mode. These tools allow people to connect together at each person's own convenience and own schedule. Asynchronous tools are useful for sustaining dialogue and collaboration over a period of time and providing people with resources and information that are instantly accessible, day or night. Asynchronous tools possess the advantage of being able to involve people from multiple time zones. In addition, asynchronous tools are helpful in capturing the history of the interactions of a group, allowing for collective knowledge to be more easily shared and distributed. The primary drawback of asynchronous technologies is that they require some discipline to use when used for ongoing communities of practice (e.g., people typically must take the initiative to "login" to participate) and they may feel "impersonal" to those who prefer higher-touch synchronous technologies.

Reternces
 
 http://senarak.tripod.com/mudmoo.html

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer-assisted_language_learning

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Information_technology

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Information_and_communications_technology

http://www.blog.prachyanun.com/view.php?article_id=120

http://business-venture-capital.chailit.com/what-is-a-certified-business-intermediary-cbi-is.html

  http://www.edu.nu.ac.th/supanees/lesson/366515/unit5_p04.html